Essay about Macbeth - Downfall Of Macbeth - 860 Words

We see in the play Macbeth that when the motivation to succeed in life becomes overpowering, other people may easily influence one and elements and one may decide on wrongful actions to achieve a goal. Some of the influences on Macbeth include the witches and the apparitions, Lady Macbeth, and lastly Macbeths own insecurities and misguided attempts to control his future. The witches and their prophecies are the first major influence on Macbeths actions. Macbeth seems happy and content with himself until the witches tell him he will be king. He begins immediately to consider murdering Duncan. quot;If good, why do I yield to that suggestion / Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair / And make my seated heart knock at my ribs, / Against†¦show more content†¦24-29). When Macbeth decides not to continue with their plan to murder Duncan, his wife urges him to act on his desires or he will think of himself as a coward. She says, quot;Art thou afeard / To be the same in thine own act and valour / As thou art in desire?quot; (I, vii. 42-44). She then makes sure he will perform the deed by taking an active role in preparing for the murder. quot;his two chamberlains / Will I with wine and wassel so convince,quot; (I, vii. 70-71) and cleaning up afterwards, quot;Give me the daggers: the sleeping, and the dead / Are but as pictures; tis the eye of childhoo d / That fears a painted devil. If he do bleed, / Ill gild the faces of the grooms withal, / For it must seem their guilt.quot; (II, ii. 69-73). After he is named king, Macbeths misery and eventual downfall is caused by his own insecurities and misguided determination to take control of his future. Firstly, the witches prophecy concerning Banquos descendants and Macbeths feeling of inferiority to Banquo lead Macbeth to arrange for the murder of Banquo and his son, Fleance. Having Banquo around him is a constant reminder to Macbeth of the evil deed he himself has committed and the knowledge that Banquos, not Macbeths children, will beShow MoreRelatedMacbeths Downfall1691 Words   |  7 PagesMacbeths Downfall In the beginning of the play Macbeth, Macbeth is a successful and noble Thane of Glamis. The witches tell Macbeth prophecies that guide him to his downfall, but in the end it was his own selfish decisions that caused his demise. The other person that is blamed for Macbeth’s destruction was his wife Lady Macbeth because she was able to manipulate and control his self-esteem by playing with his courage and bravery. However, Macbeth was only guided by his wife; he chose to play outRead MoreDownfall of Macbeth1659 Words   |  7 PagesThe tragedy of â€Å"Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, follows the fall of Macbeth from a man in a position of power with a contented life, to a man with nothing but â€Å"mouth honor† and a corrupted soul. In this essay, I wish to show to what extent Macbeth’s tragedy was his own fault. The downfall of Macbeth begins early on in the play when he and Banquo (a fellow Scottish noble) meet the witches. The witches waylay Macbeth and Banquo whilst they were on their way to meet Duncan, King of Scotland. TheyRead MoreThe Downfall of Macbeth865 Words   |  3 PagesThe Downfall of Macbeth Many of people have heard the tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare. The story revolves on a sequence of misfortunate events that take place when Macbeth makes immoral decisions to be king. In the play, Shakespeare shows how power can cause corruption in a human’s brain. Macbeth himself was not a very confident person, though he had a kind soul to begin with, he was easily influenced and gullible. Through the prophecies of the evil beings, an insignificant seed was plantedRead More Macbeths Downfall Essay668 Words   |  3 Pages In William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the main character, Macbeth, is a brave and loyal subject to the King of Scotland, but as the play progresses, his character begins to change drastically. Evil and unnatural powers, as well as his own passion to become king, take over his better half and eventually lead to his downfall. The three main factors that intertwine with one another that contribute to Macbeth’s tragic end are the prophecie s told by the three witches, Lady Macbeth’s influence, and finallyRead MoreCauses of Macbeths Downfall1445 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Causes of Macbeths Downfall – Essay By Jordan Koorey Shakespeare’s Macbeth, based on a play written in 1605 explores the life journey of Macbeth as he climbs the ladder of the social hierarchy. Determined to become King, Macbeth will kill any and all that get in his way. Driven by ambition, Macbeth puts his faith in the words and prophecies of three witches after a prediction that Macbeth would gain the new title of Thane of Cawdor. Alongside with ambition, Lady Macbeth, is a key instrument toRead MoreThe Downfall of Macbeth Essay1239 Words   |  5 PagesThe Downfall of Macbeth All through the play Macbeth strives for power. This motivation affects every aspect of his life and eventually leads to his demise. Many different factors come together in deciding his ill-fated future. With his wifes cajoling and the three witches foretelling of his future, Macbeth, will stop at nothing to gain the position as King of Scotland. The witches and their prophecies are the first major influence which trigger MacbethsRead MoreMacbeth and His Downfall1613 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare’s Macbeth, there are two factors that contributed to Macbeths ruin. One of them being more to blame: The influential character of Lady Macbeth displaying temptation towards Macbeth, or Macbeths own ambitious and insecure nature. There are questions whether Macbeths downfall might have displayed more for his own blame. In closer examination, it will be come apparent that Macbeth is more to blame for his downfall. By first examining the influential acts of Lady Macbeth that made Macbeth commitRead MoreMacbeth Downfall Analysis911 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth is a popular play that is known all over the world. William Shakespeares play Macbeth is about a nobleman named Macbeth whose ambition is responsible for his downfall. He is corrupted as a result of his rise to power. Shakespeare succeeds in getting the audience to love Macbeth despite the fact he is much less sinned against than sinn ing. The audience is drawn to Macbeth because he is pressured by the witches, does not have a malicious nature, is ambitious, agonizes between decisions,Read MoreThe Downfall of Lady Macbeth1371 Words   |  6 PagesIn Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Lady Macbeth’s desire and ambition leads to her eventual downfall. When Lady Macbeth hears of Macbeth’s prophecy she dreams of the glory and high-standing that awaits being queen. She cannot withhold her ambitions and she is willing to manipulate fate to bring about Macbeth’s prophecy. She invokes evil spirits to be filled from head to toe with cruelty to do the evil actions necessary to make Macbeth king and to remove all remorse and pity for her action from her heart.Read MoreEssay on The Downfall of Macbeth1474 Words   |  6 PagesThe Downfall of Macbeth      Ã‚  Ã‚   Macbeth is victorious; he has just returned from the battle ground as a brutal warrior; courageous, but what is more, heroic.   At this point in the play, Macbeths reputation is rapidly growing with the rampant spread of the word of his good deeds at war.   This climaxes when his actions are acknowledged and rewarded by the title given to him by King Duncan,    No more that thane of Cawdor doth deceive our bosom interest. - Go, pronounce his present

Analysis of Different Workplace Trainings - 893 Words

Workplace Trainings Analysis 1. Sexual harassment within the workplace training a) The training on sexual harassment within the workplace is intended to increase awareness on the issue, and to provide instructions on how to prevent such events from taking place. The importance of anti sexual harassment methods is of great importance to companies with large numbers of employees where such issues tend to be more frequent. This training is also intended to help harassed employees know what to do when confronted with such issues. b) There are certain organizations that require such programs more than others. Their need of such a program can be established based on the identification of complaints from employees regarding out of place behavior from members of the opposite sex at work. In addition to this, such a program can be addressed to workplaces where there have been observed certain behaviors from superiors that disfavored certain employees because of their refusal to accept superiors invitations. c) The sexual harassment in the workplace training program can be easily implemented in terms of costs. Basically, the program consists in hiring specialized trainers that can speak to the selected audience about what it means to be sexually harassed within the workplace, and about what they can do when confronted with such cases. The training sessions can be held at the companys headquarters, which means that the costs can be reduced. 2. Introduction to Yoga and itsShow MoreRelatedThe Organization s And Employee s Motivational Needs Essay1396 Words   |  6 Pagesonline services. For a company to be this successful, there had to be some intense and thorough training in areas such as: legal requirements, diversity, and employee growth. 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Sustainability Report on Australia Vs Qatar †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Why Australia and Qatar dealing differently with Energy saving initiatives? 2.Why Australia and Qatar dealing differently with Water saving initiatives? Answers: Introduction The report is analysing about the sustainable approaches of Australia and Qatar in energy and water management. The first part of the report describes the energy regulation adopted by Australia and Qatar by the government as well as other sectors. The second part is analysing about water regulations of Australia and Qatar in government as well as other sectors. And in the last part, comparison of regulation and practices adopted by Australia and Qatar. Energy regulation of Australia: TheAustralian Energy Market Agreementdefines the statutory as well as monitoring framework for Australias energy markets. It delivers the legislation that is applied in each contributing state. Key energy market legislation includes: TheNational Electricity Law: An agenda for National Electricity (South Australia) Act1996 creates commitments in the National Electricity Market for power systems (Lang, et al., 2012). The regulation is sustained by theNational Electricity RulesandNational Electricity (South Australia) Regulations. TheNational Gas Law: An agenda to theNational Gas (South Australia) Act 2008(link is external), creates responsibilities for gas pipes, gas wholesale markets and its board. Moreover the regulation is maintained with theNational Gas Rules andNational Gas (South Australia) Regulations (Hua, Oliphant Hu, 2016). TheNational Energy Retail Law: A Programme to theNational Energy Retail Law (South Australia) Act 2011 controlling resource and transaction of power distribution to customers. The Rule is reinforced by theNational Energy Retail RulesandNational Energy Retail Regulations. Energy regulation by Qatar: Qatar Petroleum: State-claimed Qatar Petroleum deals with all periods of the high and low in oil and gas industry in Qatar, which includes investigation, generation, stockpiling, transportation, advertising, suggestion related to unrefined petroleum, gaseous petrol fluids, LNG, GTL, refined items, petrochemicals and manures (Bevrani, Ghosh Ledwich, 2010). Qatar GasandRasGas: Qatar Gas was recognized in 1984 and supervised Qatar's major LNG trades in 1997. It is presently the world's leading LNG manufacturer, functioning with seven LNG trains, with yearly LNG manufacture capability of more than 40 million metric tonnes. Qatar Gas Transport Company: The Qatar Gas Transport Company (Nakilat) is accountable for LNG distribution. Both the companies manage individual transportation of natural gas (Ayoub, et al., 2014). Qatar International Petroleum Marketing Company Limited.Qatar International Petroleum Marketing Company Limited is accountable for trading and promotion controlled petroleum varieties like LPG, sulphur, condensates of plant and field and refined merchandises like naphtha, motor-powered gasoline, and gasoil and airplane petroleum. Qatar Fuel:Qatar Fuel is a next oil storage, delivery as well as advertising company started as Joint Stock Corporation registered on the Qatar Exchange. The corporation is accountable for delivering of fuels and LPG in Qatar. Exemplar projects: The following are the exemplar projects by Australia- Mallee Solar Park Marulan power station Stony gap wind farm Cultana pumped hydro project. The following are the exemplar projects by Qatar: Integration of Power Conversion,Energy Management and Communications Techniques for Electric Vehicles in the Smart Grid. Hybrid Quantum Dot Perovskite Solar Cells CRANN-QEERI initiative for Solar Energy Harvesting Materials. The innovations done by Australia and Qatar are: Australia: A nanotechnology, Travel and transport invention, a classification model for energy supply safety and highlights the significance of scientific expansion and technical innovation in stepping towards sustainable, greener and safer economy (Weber, 2013). The hybrid wind and solar Base Station and the enlargement of the major hybrid-powered Base Station in Australia, consuming mixture of solar and tide energy. Qatar: Qatar solar technology: The leading manufacturing facility for poly-silicon on the Arabian Peninsula, according to Solar-World, a more than 25 per-cent shareholder the joint venture company. Chevron Qatar Energy Technology and Green Gulf Inc.: A Qatar founded energy and clean corporation contracted a document of kind for a joint learning to examine solar energy know-hows and presentation (Jianping, et al., 2014). Actions by NGO and private sector in Australia: Non-government associations (NGOs) have since quite a while ago assumed a part in conveying sanitation administrations to groups in Southeast Asia and Pacific nations, especially in country regions. Interestingly with huge scale foundation cantered activities, NGO programs normally concentrate on building linkages amongst specialized and social domains. Actions by NGO and private sector in Qatar: Accelerating the reception of energy saving development by forbidding imported in power consuming lights and bulbs through Tarsheed awareness campaigns, spreading the utilization of energy saving LED lights rather than other electricity-consuming type, executing power effectiveness labels for air conditioners and finishing the improvement of a green-building framework in Qatar which is implemented by NGO and private companies (Iwaro Mwasha, 2010). Water regulations by Australia government: Water legislation managed by the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources is inclusive of: Water Act 2007: It gives the administrative structure to guaranteeing that Australia's biggest water assetthe Murray-Darling Basinis overseen in the national intrigue. In doing as such the Water Act perceives that Australian states in the Murray-Darling Basin keep on managing Basin water assets inside their regions. Water Regulations 2008: The Federal Executive Council approved the Water Regulations 2008, on 19 June 2008 which is also denoted as the major Regulations. All rules created under the Act subsequently to the main guidelines are to be considered as Water Amendment Regulations (Lambooy, 201). The following are two regulations adopted: Murray-Darling Basin Authoritys superior authorities Extension of provisional attention to state and region water arrangement. Water regulations by Qatar: Transmission of combined water resources supervision and capacity building and institutional stimulating. Searching for inventive purification advances that limit both the cost of water creation and the environmental effect ought to be additionally explored (Speers, 2016). Encouraging the storing of frozen wastewater in aquifers as way of water storage. Increasing the utilization of a Double conveyance framework: one for the circulation of consumable quality water for drinking and cooking purposes. Water evaluating requirements to mirror the shortage estimation of water, with the goal that administrations don't wind up sponsoring the consumption of a fundamental regular requirements and contaminating the earth. Innovations by Australia in water management: During rainy season Australia, it infuses in toxic rain water in unsaturated subsoil strata for capacity as water focal points. Amid the dry months, stored water from the subsoil can be pulled back for water system. In this manner, it empowers farmers to have year-long family nourishment security and increment their salary from the land. Innovation by Qatar in water management: TASMU was planned with the eager Qatar National Vision 2030, which tries to change Qatar into a propelled society equipped for accomplishing supportable improvement. It drives supportable utilization of regular assets and enhances water and nourishment security (Siddiqi Anadon, 2011). Qatar is also following consumptive use of water. These uses are transforming watermanagement either by qualitatively or quantitatively. Mainly these practices include sustainable irrigation practices, domestic household waste water reuse, industrial waste recycle and many more. Actions by private sectors and NGO in Australia: Founding additional treatment plants and finishing a study for setting up an industrial wastewater action plant and reducing the quantity of tanker customers and backing up the connection of contemporary water-conservation machineries for all purpose and other uses. Actions by private sectors and NGO in Qatar: To promote water consumption efficiency and sustainability private sectors and NGO are reducing the entire real leftover of non-revenue detoxified water (NRW) to less than 12% in 2016 down from more than 25% in 2011. Companies also stopped water consumption and increase the groundwater level. Moreover, unusual water bases are being used in saline farming, and treated manure properly. Exemplar projects by Australia in water: WGV by LandCorp Exemplar projects by Qatar in water: Trace Metal Accumulation, Biofilm Formation and Tap Water Quality. Green Antimicrobial Nanoparticles for Seawater Disinfection. 1. As Qatar is having soaring use of energy so regulations followed by Qatar are mostly adopting LNG techniques to become sustainable. The consumption patterns by various government authorities are mainly shifting towards sustainable consumption of petroleum, gas, and other industries (Haufler, 2013). While Australian National Gas and Electricity Regimes are mainly worried with regulating the transmission and distribution of energy, and wholesale energy markets more generally, whereas the NECF is primarily concerned with regulating retailers and distributors in their dealings with retail customers. These differences are due to country different legislation, environment factor, culture followed and tradition practices by public and government of both the country. Moreover Australia is having enough resources so it needs to manage with available resources for creating sustainable development. And in case of Qatar resources are need to be import by country government because of small nation (Mainali, et ol., 2013). Thus need to adopt different practices. 2. The differences are mainly in water saving pattern of water adopted by government and NGOs in both the country. The Australia is adopting various laws and regulation in water consumption pattern whereas Qatar is adopting some steps to conserve and reuse water. These differences are mainly due to size and consumption pattern of countries. In Qatar availability of water is scare as in comparison to Australia. The initiatives taken by government are helping individuals as well as country to work upon the water policy of country. Conclusion From the above report it has been analysed the various sustainability approaches regarding water and energy consumption pattern of Australia and Qatar. The report analysed about various government initiatives taken in Australia and Qatar for energy and water management policy. The report also analysed about the technological innovation brought till now in both the countries regarding water and energy technology. And in last part of report the comparison between the measures of Australia and Qatar. References: Ayoub, N., Musharavati, F., Pokharel, S. and Gabbar, H.A., 2014. Energy consumption and conservation practices in QatarA case study of a hotel building.Energy and Buildings,84, pp.55-69. Bevrani, H., Ghosh, A. and Ledwich, G., 2010. Renewable energy sources and frequency regulation: survey and new perspectives.IET Renewable Power Generation,4(5), pp.438-457. Haufler, V., 2013.A public role for the private sector: Industry self-regulation in a global economy. Carnegie Endowment. Hua, Y., Oliphant, M. and Hu, E.J., 2016. Development of renewable energy in Australia and China: A comparison of policies and status.Renewable Energy,85, pp.1044-1051. Iwaro, J. and Mwasha, A., 2010. A review of building energy regulation and policy for energy conservation in developing countries.Energy Policy,38(12), pp.7744-7755. Jianping, L., Minrong, L., Jinnan, W., Jianjian, L., Hongwen, S. and Maoxing, H., 2014. Report on Global Environment Competitiveness of Qatar. InReport on Global Environmental Competitiveness (2013), pp. 701-704. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Lambooy, T., 2011. Corporate social responsibility: sustainable water use.Journal of Cleaner Production,19(8), pp.852-866. Lang, D.J., Wiek, A., Bergmann, M., Stauffacher, M., Martens, P., Moll, P., Swilling, M. and Thomas, C.J., 2012. Transdisciplinary research in sustainability science: practice, principles, and challenges.Sustainability science,7(1), pp.25-43. Mainali, B., Pham, T.T.N., Ngo, H.H., Guo, W., Miechel, C., O'Halloran, K., Muthukaruppan, M. and Listowski, A., 2013. Vision and perception of community on the use of recycled water for household laundry: A case study in Australia.Science of the Total Environment,463, pp.657-666. Siddiqi, A. and Anadon, L.D., 2011. The waterenergy nexus in Middle East and North Africa.Energy policy,39(8), pp.4529-4540. Speers, A., 2016. Water regulation in Australia.Regulation of Urban Water Services. An Overview, p.65. Weber, A.S., 2013, March. Review of sustainable and renewable energy activities in the State of Qatar. InRenewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC), 2013 Internationalpp. 91-95. IEEE.

Wuthering Heights By Bronte Essays - British Films,

Wuthering Heights By Bronte Emily Bronte was born in Thorton, Yorkshire, in 1918. Wuthering Heights was Bronte's only book; however, she died in 1848 and never knew of the book's success. It is said by many to be the finest novel in the English language. Just before she dies, Catherine Earnshaw gives birth to a beautiful baby girl named Cathy. After Catherine married Edgar, heathcliff becomes jealous and marries Edgar's sister, Isabella. Isabella then gives birth to Heathcliff's son Linton. Wuthering Heights, by Wmily Bronte, is a novel full of contrast between Catherine and Cathy and Heathcliff and Linton. While Cathy is growing up, the reader begins t see the contrast between cathy and her mother. Catherine is a typical Earnshaw, having dark hair, and dark eyes. While her daughter's characteristics are the exact opposite. Cathy has blonde hair, fair skin, and irrestibly brilliant eyes. Catherine and Cathy is emotional aspects also contrast a great deal. Young Cathy's emotions are calm, while her mother's rage, and are as unpredictable as a storm. Catherine's emotions are so passionate that she is unable to control them. To the point of causing her own death. Before she dies, she says that she wants both Heathcliff and Edgar to suffer-Edgar, because he never understood heraffection for Heathcliff; and Heathcliff, because he never understood why she married Edgar. Cathy has a mind of her own and some of Catherine's willfullness. She is also capable of great sympathy towards Linton, whom she marries and finally Hareton Earnshaw. Heathcliff is a strange mix-ture of the refined and incouth; slovently, yet dresses and acts like a g gentleman. While being dark with the look of a gypsy, he is quite handsome. His son, linton resembles his mother, Isabella, as he is blonde, pretty, feeble, adn effeminate. It is ironic thtat Heathcliff's son should be so weak and sickly that he dies at the age of seventeen. Although Heathcliff is his father, Linton displays none of Heathcliff's characteristics. Heathcliff is a character full of brutality. Heathcliff shows this brutality on several occasions. The most graphic occasion is after Catherine's funeral, when Hindley threatens him with a knife. This confrontation ends up with Heathcliff kicking and pounding Hindley's head into the floor. Linton has his father's capability for violent temper, but not phsical strength. Linton shows his each of phyiscal strength when Hareton throws him and Catherine out of the room. Linton becomes furious saying he would kill Hareton. This brought on a coughing fit in which blood gushed from Linton's mouth, causing him to fall to the floor.

intro to ecommerce essays

intro to ecommerce essays In the broadest sense, electronic commerce (e-commerce), is the buying and selling of products and services over the Internet. It has included the handling of purchase transactions and funds transfers over computer networks. According to the Forrester Research Study "Sizing Intercompany Commerce," total U.S business-to-business Internet trade in 1998 is $7.7 billion, compared to a total global e-commerce of $21.8 billion, dramatically increasing from $2.5 billion in 1997. By the year 2002, according to the report, there will be $328 billion worth of e-commerce. Electronic commerce is the ability to perform transactions involving the exchange or use of goods or services between two or more parties using electronic tools and techniques Some main technologies have made e-commerce viable - WWW, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) and E-mail. EDI is the inter-organisational, computer-to-computer exchange of business documentation in a standard, machine-processable format. EFT was designed to optimise electronic payments with electronically provided remittance information. Electronic commerce provides the capability of buying and selling products and information via telephone lines, computer networks, and other electronic means. The Internet, the largest network of computer networks, is the medium usually favoured for electronic commerce because it allows an organisation to cut service costs while increasing the speed of service delivery. Electronic commerce is considered a primary means by which organisations may expand rapidly into high growth emerging markets of the world. This is possible because, firstly as trans-national companies become skilled in their use of the Internet, they will be able to pursue global electronic commerce more efficiently, saving important advertising, communication, and administrative costs. Secondly, the Internet can increase responsiveness by notifying individual cu...

When to Do That Stringing-Words-Together Thing with Hyphens

When to Do That Stringing-Words-Together Thing with Hyphens When to Do That Stringing-Words-Together Thing with Hyphens When to Do That Stringing-Words-Together Thing with Hyphens By Mark Nichol When are hyphens required to string together a sequence of words, and when are the hyphens extraneous? The following sentences, each with a discussion and a revision, illustrate the syntactical situations in which they are necessary and when they are superfluous. 1. Who was the behind the scenes negotiator who facilitated the deal? The negotiator is described as working behind the scenes. When that phrase appears in isolation, as an adverbial phrase rather than as a phrasal adjective modifying a noun that follows, no hyphenation is needed, but here, it serves the latter function: â€Å"Who was the behind-the-scenes negotiator who facilitated the deal?† 2. There is no â€Å"one size fits all† list of risk concerns. Enclosing a phrase like this implies that the phrase is obscure and requires scare quotes or that someone said it and so quotation marks are needed, but the expression is ubiquitous, and no speaker is alluded to. To signal that those four words combine to modify list, string them together with several hyphens: â€Å"There is no one-size-fits-all list of risk concerns.† 3. Jones was forced out-of-bounds on the deciding play. The adverbial phrase â€Å"out of bounds† requires no linkage to indicate that it is self-contained; it modifies the verb it follows, not a subsequent noun: â€Å"Jones was forced out of bounds on the deciding play.† 4. She has an annoying in your face attitude. The phrase â€Å"in your face† modifies attitude as a single unit, so the phrase should be hyphenated: â€Å"She has an annoying in-your-face attitude.† 5. It has recently become a most-favored-nation among many countries in the European Union. When â€Å"most-favored nation† appears in isolation, it should appear just as it does within the quotation marks in this explanatory sentence; â€Å"most favored† is a phrasal adjective modifying nation: â€Å"It has recently become a most-favored nation among many countries in the European Union.† (Nation joins the hyphenation train only when it loses its noun status and joins the phrasal adjective to modify another noun, as in â€Å"most-favored-nation status.†) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With†Social vs. SocietalHyphenation in Compound Nouns

The Interpretation of Marketing Strategy on the Rise of Wong Lo Kat Essay

The Interpretation of Marketing Strategy on the Rise of Wong Lo Kat - Essay Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that there are more than 2000 Chinas time-honored brand enterprises recognized in China, mainly concentrated in the catering trades, pharmaceuticals, and other industries. However, according to the current statistics, about 70% of Chinas time-honored brand enterprises have disappeared, while the majority of surviving the situation is a precarious business, and only 10% of the good economic form of scale is very small. As one of the old pharmaceuticals industries, Wong Lo Kat (whose old name is Guangzhou Yangcheng Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd) is a booming company. It reached 1.5 billion, plus canned drinks, the total sales of which exceeds to 300 million CNY in 2003. From 1999 to 2003, the average growth rate of Wong Lo Kat was more than 25%, which is labeled as the success model of the combination between the traditional workshop and modern business, as well as a successful example of other traditional pharmaceuticals enterpri ses. Herbal tea is one kind of the teas which are formed through the Chinese herbal medicine in the regions of Guangdong and Guang Xi. Generally speaking, it has the function of clearing heat and dampness. Wong Lo Kat is the most famous herbal tea among the old herbal teas. As time has gone by Wong Lo Kat has also become famous in the world. Wong Lo Kat’s development had its chance and special features to expand further. It created the transformation from a small company to a large company in one year. In its first stage, it faced some problems such as the confusion between the beverage and herbal tea and so on.

Policy paper (stating the solutions to improve the security in Kenya Assignment

Policy paper (stating the solutions to improve the security in Kenya using help from the international community) - Assignment Example These solutions however cannot be handled by the country alone and the international community will have to chip in if they are to be successful in this endeavor. The resulting aim will be beneficial to all involved as a safer country will lead to a more prosperous environment which will allow for an increase in the co operation of countries and organizations in sectors such as business and other areas of international concerns (Hastings, 2012). The first step in ensuring that the security threat is efficiently dealt with is the creation of new policies that will enable Kenya and the cooperating countries to meet this menace head on. There are a number of policies that can be implemented that will assist in the achievement of this goal, they include: Military Support The main security threat facing the country consists of militants based in neighboring countries who happen to have armed forces at their disposal and use this resource to cause havoc in the areas that they wish to contr ol (Prabhakaran, 2008). These areas includes places such as the countries borders where they have attempted to take control of the region so as to enhance their control and hold over the areas that they wish to take charge of. ... Military support in this case will consist of the sending of troops to these areas to support the local military in their attempt to gain back control of the regions that have been most affected by the invasion of these terrorist armed forces. The additional provision of extra men will increase the country’s ability to fight back where necessary especially in the areas that have been suffering frequent attacks form these militants and will enhance the probability of victory during battles (Prabhakaran, 2008). The troops will also provide extra man power for activities such as border control that will allow them to cover the areas that are patrolled more efficiently and without the exhaustion of the resources at the country’s disposal. Military support can also include the sending of weapons that will allow the country to fight these attacks more efficiently and hopefully in the process discourage the militants from attempting to wage war on the soldiers that have been s ent to these regions (Prabhakaran, 2008). It should be noted that the individuals kidnapped from this region are not always of Kenyan origin and some are expatriates who happen to be working in the area at that point in time thus this support will not only be for the protection of the Kenyan people alone but also the citizens of other international areas who operate in this region. Access Control This can be described as the restrictive control of regions of concern that will make it difficult for unauthorized people to enter these areas (Prabhakaran, 2008). Access control can also refer to restrictive prohibitions of other items such as Visas that allow entry into the country without a stern background check to confirm that the individual in question does not harbor any ill will that may be the

Does the Color of Paint Deter Insects Essay Example for Free

Does the Color of Paint Deter Insects Essay Is it possible that paint is capable of insect control? Determine if painting the ceiling of a porch sky blue will fool wasps into thinking it is the sky and keep them from building nests under the eaves or on the ceiling? Hypothesis: By painting the inside roof of the porch sky blue we can prevent wasp from making a nest in the eaves of the porch. Prediction: If painting the roof sky blue prevents wasps from making nest, and then the inside of the roofs of all porches should be painted sky blue. Controlled Experimental Method: The beginning of April when things usually start to bloom and make nest here in Colorado I painted half the ceiling of by back porch sky blue and the other half the original dark green. Checking to see rather or not there are new nests every day. Results: In week 2 there no signs of nest in the back corner of the dark green side, 3 days later I checked again not only are there no sign of nests. Conclusion: It has been 6 months and there is no sign of any nests, and the ceiling is actually cleaner. I have concluded that the paint has actually deterred the insects from creating nests. I think anybody that has a problem with insects on their porch should paint the ceiling blue.

rebeldol Essay on Nora’s Rebellion in Ibsens A Dolls House

Nora’s Rebellion in A Doll’s House  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The central theme of A Doll’s House is Nora’s rebellion against society and everything that was expected of her. Nora shows this by breaking away from all the standards and expectations her husband and society had set up for her. In her time women weren’t supposed to be independent. They were to support their husbands, take care of the children, cook, clean, and make everything perfect around the house. Nora’s first rebellion was when she took out a loan so that she could pay for her husband, Torvalds medical treatment. It was against the law for women to take out a loan without their husbands consent. When she did this she proved that she wasn’t as submissive and helpless as Torvald thought she was. He called her a "poor helpless little creature". A perfect example of Torvalds control and Nora’s submissiveness was when she got him to re-teach her the tarantella. She already knew the dance but she acted as if she needed him to re-teach her the whole thing. When he says to her "Watching you swing and dance the tarantella makes my bloo... rebeldol Essay on Nora’s Rebellion in Ibsen's A Doll's House Nora’s Rebellion in A Doll’s House  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The central theme of A Doll’s House is Nora’s rebellion against society and everything that was expected of her. Nora shows this by breaking away from all the standards and expectations her husband and society had set up for her. In her time women weren’t supposed to be independent. They were to support their husbands, take care of the children, cook, clean, and make everything perfect around the house. Nora’s first rebellion was when she took out a loan so that she could pay for her husband, Torvalds medical treatment. It was against the law for women to take out a loan without their husbands consent. When she did this she proved that she wasn’t as submissive and helpless as Torvald thought she was. He called her a "poor helpless little creature". A perfect example of Torvalds control and Nora’s submissiveness was when she got him to re-teach her the tarantella. She already knew the dance but she acted as if she needed him to re-teach her the whole thing. When he says to her "Watching you swing and dance the tarantella makes my bloo...

Ethical Implications Essay

The Code of Ethics for Nurses clearly states that nurses are prohibited to participate in assisted suicide and euthanasia, it is ethically unacceptable. But Nurses are often in the best position to discuss end-of-life issues, they play a vital role in end-of-life care by advocating for their patients wishes and maintaining quality symptom management and support (Ignatavicius & Workman 2010). Euthanasia is legal in four states in the United States, these states are Oregano, Washington, Montana and Vermont. Terminally ill patients are able to request lethal medications under law. Most of these states require that the patients make two verbal request that are 15 days apart and also another request in writing with a witness. In Montana the law also states that the life expectancy of the patient has to be less than six months. Also the patient must be a resident in the state that he/she wants to precipitate in euthanasia ( New Health Guide n.d). In the case of Terry Schiavo, she had no living will in place, her wishes were unclear and the family was forced to stop her tube feedings and let her die. The nurse’s role in this situation would be to be there to support the family, providing resources and making sure the patient dies a peaceful death. The stake holders in this scenario are the physicians, did they make the right diagnosis and decision, the family who lost a beloved member of their family, and also the society as a whole, it was a very well published case and raised questions regarding if the decision was ethically right. In the scenario of Dax Cowart and Robert Burt, Dax was involved in a gas explosion that left him blinded and disabled. He wanted to stop all his agonizing treatments and die, even though he was competent, he was unable to refuse his treatments. In this situation nurses are obligated to give a competent patient the right to refuse treatment and respect the decision their patients make. The stakeholders in this scenario is the patient Dax who had to suffer through 15 months of treatment, and the doctors who went against his decision. Ignatavicius, D. D., & Workman, M. L. (2010). Medical-surgical nursing: Patient-centered collaborative care (6th ed.). St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders. New Health Guide. (n.d.). Retrieved December 10, 2014, from http://www.newhealthguide.org/Where-Is-Euthanasia-Legal.html Purtilo, R., & Doherty, R. (2011). Ethical Dimensions in the Health Professions, 5th Edition. [VitalSource Bookshelf version]. Retrieved from http://pageburstls.elsevier.com/books/978-1-4377-0896-7/id/B9781437708967000230 c0014 Euthanasia Ethics. (2014, September 26). Retrieved December 14, 2014 from http://www.euthanasiaethics.com/

As You Like It Act Two Scene 1

Q. Comment on Act 2, Scene 1. Ans: this passage is an extract from Shakespeare play â€Å"as you like it† and this scene takes place in the Forest of Arden. The scene begins with the entrance of the exiled duke and lord Amiens who are dressed foresters. The change in clothing immediately signals to the audience a change in environment and is also a direct contrast to the previous act in which everyone is dressed as courtiers. The duke begins to talk about pastoral life which is a major theme in the play.He describes the advantages of forest life to be far greater then court life and the audience gets the feeling that life is far more easy going and relaxed in the country as opposed to the busy, eventful life they led in the court. The duke says ‘hath not old custom made this life more sweet. ’ But despite the romanticized nature of the duke’s description of forest life, it also has realistic references such as the ‘winter wind’ and the ‘p oisonous toad’.This passage also gives an insight into the duke’s character. The duke is able to look at the benefits of forest life after having lived in court and having been so unjustly exiled from it. This shows great patience, wisdom, and resilience on his part. His sensitivity towards those around him is highlighted when he says it distresses him that they hunt venison it its own land. The first lord then goes on to introduce Jacques despite his absence on stage.He recalls Jacques’s exaggerated and dramatic response to the dying deer and how he begins to moralize the abandonment of the deer by its herd. This over-dramatic nature of pastoral life is used as comic relief to balance out the drama that took place in court life, and to an extent its innocence which is shown by the fact that the great tragedies taking place in the forest is dying venison. This in turn highlights the more evil and tragic nature of court life where you have scheming and murderous brothers.On a larger scale, this scene also presents a contrast between the two brother duke Frederick, and duke senior. In act 1 duke Frederick is shown as a self-involved, paranoid, and power-obsessed character who lacks the generosity, forgiveness, and wisdom that his elder brother, duke senior possess. This scene in general provides an insight into duke senior’s character and presents a contrast between pastoral and court life while providing the audience with a break from the courts vices.

Australia during the great depression essays

Australia during the great depression essays A depression is a deep and extended slump in total business activity, where both buying and selling drop, causing a decline in production, prices, income and employment. Money becomes limited, many businesses fail and many workers lose their jobs. Unemployed workers have less money to spend, which leads to further drops in sales and demand for products, which leads to decreased production and more employees losing their jobs. This seemingly endless downward spiral can continue until the economy is able to recover, employment and demand for products increases and life may continue normally. A depression of this kind can affect a single industry, a region, a nation or even the entire world. The Great Depression began in 1929 after the Wall Street Crash - shares in the United States were at an all-time high. Investors panicked and sold all of their shares because they knew the prices of their shares could not go any higher only decrease. This massive sell-up of shares was the catalyst for the Great Depression, which was to cripple the economy of the leading nations of the world for almost a decade. As the American economy withered, so did the economies of the countries it had ties with. Australia was one of the worst to be affected by the Depression, because it was a relatively new nation and relied heavily on the support of its international allies. Overseas loans were cut off and debts called to be repaid, but Australia had no funding to spare. Todays Australia has been undeniably shaped by the changing economic circumstances it has been though, such as the Great Depression of 1929 - 1932 In the 1920s, Australias economy prospered because of their healthy income from exports and tariffs. In February of 1923, the Bruce-Page government came into power and brought with it the Men, Money, Markets policy. This was a policy designed to bring labour and capital from the United Kingdom in order to...

Teaching English to Absolute and False Beginners

Teaching English to Absolute and False Beginners Most ESL / EFL teachers agree that there are two types of beginning students: Absolute Beginners and False Beginners. If you are teaching in the USA, Canada, Australia, a European country or Japan, chances are that most beginners you teach will be false beginners. Teaching false beginners and absolute beginners require different approaches. Here is what to expect from false and absolute beginners: False Beginners Beginners that have already studied some English at some point in their life. Most of these learners have studied English at school, many for a number of years. These learners have usually had some contact with English since their schools years, but feel that they have little command of the language and therefore want to begin from the top. Teachers can usually assume that these students will understand basic conversations and questions such as: Are you married?, Where are you from?, Do you speak English?, and so on. Often these learners will be familiar with grammar concepts and teachers can launch into descriptions of sentence structure and have students follow along reasonably well. Absolute Beginners These are learners who have had no contact with English at all. They often come from developing nations and often have had very little education. These students are often more challenging to teach as the teacher cannot expect learners to understand even a minimal amount of English. The question,How are you?, will not be understood and the teacher must begin at the very beginning, usually with no common language with which to explain the basics. When teaching Absolute Beginners there are a number of things to keep in mind: Absolute Beginners have had no contact with EnglishWhen teaching someone who has had no prior (or very little) contact with the language, you need to carefully choose what you present. Here is an example of the type of thinking that needs to go into  planning a lesson:If I begin the first lesson with, Hi, my name is Ken. What is your name?, I am presenting three  (!)  concepts at once:The verb bePossessive pronouns  my and yourSubject and verb inversion in the question formIt would be much better (and more comprehensible) to the students if I began the lesson with, Hi, I am Ken. and then gesture to the student to repeat a similar phrase. In this way, the student can repeat by rote and begin with something easy which can then lead to something like: Hi, I am Ken. Are you Ken? - No, I am Elmo. By limiting the linguistic concepts absolute beginners can more easily assimilate the pieces.Do not assume familiarity with linguistic conceptsThis is rather  obvious  but often ignor ed by many teachers. If you write a grammar chart - even a simple one - on the board, you are assuming that students are familiar with grammar charts. Students may not have had the type of education that involves charts and representations. By keeping things aural and visual (gestures, pictures, etc.) you will be appealing to learning styles that students are sure to have acquired in everyday life. Use exaggerated visual gesturesUsing gestures such as pointing to yourself and saying, I am Ken, and then pointing to the student to repeat helps students understand what you want of them, without confusing them by more language such as; Now, repeat. Develop specific gestures as codes for certain linguistic operations. For example, to illustrate the idea of inversion in the question form you can extend your two arms and say, My name is Ken and then cross your arms and ask, Is your name  Ken?, this gesture can then be repeated as linguistic skills become more advanced and the students will understand that a question needs to be asked. For example, I live in New York and then cross your arms and ask, Where do you live. When a student makes a mistake asking a question, you can then cross your arms and the student will understand that  he / she  needs to invert in order to ask a question.Try to pick up a few phrases of the learners native tongueThis is purely a psychological trick. Learners - especially adult learners - who are learning English with no prior experience are not only undergoing a difficult learning experience. In many cases, they are also learning how to learn a language. If you put yourself on the line by expressing the desire to learn a few phrases of your students native language, you can go a long way towards building a rapport with students which will help them feel more at ease in class. When teaching False Beginners you can be a bit more adventurous in your approach to teaching. Here are some things that you can count on - and some points to watch out for: Make Allowances for the Different Levels of Your Class False beginners will all have had some English training at some point in the past and this can cause some special problems. Some learners will really know more than they admit and, with the passing of time, might become bored with some of the basics.Different levels can quickly create tensions between learners, as those who know more can become impatient with others who require more time.Some learners might be false beginners because of inherent learning problems. Some Solutions Give more  advanced learners  more difficult tasks.  - For example, when asking questions of students ask the more advanced learners questions beginning with Why which will require a more advanced response.Give more advanced learners extra work in class and at home.  - By having a few extra tasks at hand you can bridge the gap that is often created when those who are faster finish earlier.If more advanced false beginners become impatient dont hesitate to ask them something that is over their head.  - This might be a little harsh, but will work wonders!Remember that things will eventually even out after the first few weeks.  - Usually, false beginners are there because they really do need to review from the very beginning. This implies that sooner or later all of the learners will be learning something that is truly new for them and problems with impatience will quickly disappear.If a learner is a false beginner because of learning problems, you will need to consider diffe rent learning styles  - People learn in different ways. If grammar explanations, etc. are not helping a particular learner, you can help that learner with visual, audio and other methods appropriate for different learning styles. For more information on different learning styles take a look at this feature. Some Helpful Assumptions About Your Students Your students will have  basic  familiarity with linguistic concepts.  - False beginners have all studied English at school and will  therefore  find things like conjugation charts and timelines useful.Standard themes will probably be familiar.  - Most false beginners are comfortable with basic conversations such as: ordering food in a restaurant, introducing themselves, talking about their immediate family, etc. This will give you a good starting point on which to build when beginning your course and getting to know your students. Absolute Beginner Exercises - 20 Point Program These exercises are meant to be taught in order to progressively build skills that  ESL students  will need to communicate the basic necessities of everyday life in an English speaking environment.

Do u agree or disagree with Boethius view on free will Essay

Do u agree or disagree with Boethius view on free will - Essay Example Most certainly, free will is practical, and the independence of choice by people to embrace virtue is a factor reliant on the exercise of free choice of the will. The choice to do the unethical is also subject to the free will and decision of an individual. All humanity is rational, and the choice to do evil does not come from God. If humans were to follow the will of God, there would be no evil. Therefore, the presence of evil in the society emanates from the authority of humans to observe the free choice of the will. The free choice of the will of individuals may be compromised because of the desires that humans possess. The passion possessed by individuals explains their how their desires drive them to commit evil despite God’s wish for humanity to prevail. Even so, there is no connection of God with the evil and all source of evil is from free choice of the will that individuals posses. God bears no responsibility for the actions of humans. The relationship that humans hav e, with God, requires the need to practice virtue. God does not require humans to compromise the free choice of will to have intolerable conducts in the society. The determination of causation in humans has unlimited provisions, and understanding is of basis of establishing what is better than the other is. This entails a succinct understanding of the ability of humans to launch detailed and comprehensive inquiry in a concern or problem. The voluntary decisions of the mind render the determination of the problem causation an unlimited endeavor. The notion of necessity and causation of phenomena or a problem has virtually no end and any inquiry would turn to end at supposition (Cahn 869). The only way to determine problem causation is to bring the diverse causes to narrow positions and assume that the unit used is representative enough to believe in the cause. Determination of causation refers to the notion that every action of humans is unavoidable. Free choice of will has an effect on the determination of causation. Every event has a cause, the basis of which its necessity originates. Human actions emanate from the causes, and their fulfillment is out of free choice of the will. The causes of the various actions of humans are the necessitating factors that motivate the observance of the free choice of will. In response to the question of necessity and liberty of the mind, there is a distinct relationship between necessity and the free choice of the will. Necessity refers to the factor that adjoins the cause and the effects of a choice. Since the mind possesses the freedom of choice, liberty is a creation of necessity. It is on liberty of mind that the proof of free choice finds its basis. It entails the capacity to pursue the diverse actions we have according to the forces dictated by the will. That is, if one chooses to advance an issue, he or she enjoys the freedom. Similarly, if the same person chooses to reverse the decision, they would enjoy the same lev el of freedom to do so as they would to perform the contrary (Cahn 869). That would offer a ten tentative means of determining free will. Since liberty of the mind and necessity have relationships, and God has a dictation on necessity, then God has control over the liberty of the mind. If necessity was to demand evil, liberty of mind that acts on the necessity would lead to choice of the evil. The relationship between necessity and liberty of mind may be a reason for immoral conducts of humans. Ethics and religion, in any society, show

Data Collection And Analysis For India Coursework

Data Collection And Analysis For India - Coursework Example Recently, this gap has been realized and the officials are taking actions to rectify the situation. 40% of the investments made for the development of the railway system is expected to come from the private sector. There are few Public-Private-Partnership programs that have initiated the developmental programs in this sector. New railway routes for cargo trains have been placed between Mumbai and Delhi; Delhi and Kolkata so as to bridge the distance in trade. The metro railways are also developed in order to increase satisfaction and convenience of passengers.Indian roads are congested, which is mainly due to increase in a number of vehicles over years. The annual growth is recorded to be 12% and 10%. The Indian government has estimated that $90 billion is required for improving roads and highways of the country. Several projects are planned via the National Highway Development Program (NHDP), which anticipates expanding roadway to around 13,000 km. The highways have helped to reduce traffic congestion (ProceWaterHouseCopopers, 2014; Equitymaster Agora Research Private Limited, 2014). Telecommunication sector in India is built around few segments such as USOF, licensing, FDI, spectrum, security and consumer affordability. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) was the most renowned telecom provider in the Indian market. The company had obtained a large market share in the telecom industry, but the emergence of a number of private companies like, Airtel and Vodafone, had threatened the existence of BSNL.

Hotel & lodging management current event Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Hotel & lodging management current event - Essay Example The balance between technologies, communication, and human touch helps hotels and lodgings to be more competitive. Technology is also used to convert natural resources into simple tools. It has an influence on the use of leisure facility like the class, impurities in the environment and natural resource depletion. The hotel industry and leisure providers are expected to keep up the pace in technology in order for them to make profits and improve customer services. There are many technologies that the hotel industry should keep up with in order to improve service delivery. Technology can also be used in support for guests with disabilities. Regulations are being released and revised to provide support to guests with disabilities. These regulations require hotels and companies to review most aspects of their operations, from distribution to construction to ensure compliance. Hotel management works their best strategies in the quest to provide related and better sources of information and service to guests with disabilities due to increase that is felt as it goes to the distribution which affects the hotel information and transactions. Cloud computing is another system that can be employed by the hotel management to ensure appropriate and efficient data storage, and it is also very secure as compared to other storage methods. It involves the use of online storage systems whereby the hotel management and storage information on a reserved space online using the computer. It is considered as one of the reliable ways to storing records. Mobility is the new face of computing as devices such as tablets and smartphones revolutionize the way we interact with technology. In hotels, tables, mobile phones, smartphones, and laptops have become critical tools on both sides of the check in desk. Therefore, some hotels access its management system on Apple iPad to eliminate manual registration desk

Auditing Risk and Liabilities

Auditing Risk and Liabilities Auditors are naturally nervous of the potential liability that they face when undertaking their role. This is particularly the case when it comes to the high risk audit client, where there is a much greater chance of inherent problems either within the business itself or with the way that it reports its position. This difficulty is recognised by the Accounting Standards Board to the extent that it has brought out guidance requiring auditors to undertake risk assessments in relation to the potential client, before it undertakes any auditing engagement (AICPA, 2006)[1]. The role of the auditor is quite simply to report (predominantly to the members of the company) as to whether the accounts have been prepared to give a true and fair view of the company’s financial position. Typically, factors such as complying with the Companies Act 2006 and preparing accounts in accordance with recognised accounting standards are all matters that the auditors will draw on to decide whether or n ot the accounts have been prepared in a way that gives a true and fair view of the financial position of the company. The problem occurs when something goes wrong with the company that is being audited. Risks are incurred by auditors when some sort of defect appears in the accounts of the company that has been audited as being true and fair. Naturally, the burden does not rest entirely with the auditor and there may well be other parties who are drawn in as jointly responsible, such as those who prepare the accounts, the directors of the company, the staff members within the company and, in the case of fraud, the person responsible for the fraud. However, for the purposes of this examination, only auditor risk will be considered (Cunningham, 2007)[2]. Auditors are often the main target when there is a problem, particularly in the case of a corporate collapse, due to the perception that they have deep pockets, largely provided by the indemnity insurance that auditors hold. Liquidators are particularly keen to access these funds as those involved in the business will rarely have access to any funds, at this point. Auditor risk (i.e. the risk of the auditor giving an incorrect opinion on the accounts) can be broken down into three areas: inherent, control and detection. The risk that a set of company accounts is inaccurate is inherently higher in certain sectors. When setting the level of audit risk, in this respect, the auditor will not take into account the level of internal control and will only consider the risk inherent with the business. For high risk audit clients, this inherent risk will be considerably higher than in other sectors, e.g. banking and financial institutions. Control risk is different from inherent risk in that it measures how likely it is that the company will pick up any accounting misstatements, if they occur. This is vital as a company may be inherently very risky; however, if it has exceptionally good internal controls, the inherent risks will be substantially limited. Finally, there are detection risks which reflect the risk that auditors do not pick up any misstatements that remain in the accounts (Worthington, 2007)[3]. Therefore, where there is an inherently high risk client, this will not necessarily result in an increased audit risk, if the controls are sufficient. Similarly, there may be an inherently un-risky company that has few or no controls, yet may become considerably more risky than it would immediately appear. Because of the potentially high risks involved and the chances of auditors being targeted in order to assist recovery of funds, in cases of corporate collapse, it is not surprising that auditors are keen to establish a cap on their liability. The Office of Fair Trading was asked by the government to consider whether imposing a cap on liability would result in a negative impact on competition between auditing firms. This is particularly concerning given the dominance of the top four accountancy firms in this area (KPMG, Pricewaterhouse Coopers, Ernst Young and Deloittes). There were mixed views from the auditing profession, with some believing that a liability on the cap would result in an increase in competition, whereas others believed that the cap would increase the dominance of the big four firms. The OFT noted, in the report, that there were no available mechanisms for auditors to limit their liability in relation to faults due to negligence or incompetence. It also noted that it saw no history of courts awarding excessive amounts in cases relating to auditor liability. It also referred to the fact that most auditing companies are set up in an LLP structure so that the partners’ personal assets are protected and the existence of professional insurance was noted. The report concluded that the position should not alter in relation to auditors’ liability and no cap should be introduced. However, it did recognise that there was at least an argument in favour of introducing a cap. In particular, the report recognised the key differences that exist between the UK and US. It should also be noted that the recommendations deviated from the findings of the report and this shift will be discussed later in the examination. In the OFT report, it was recognised that one of the leading cases for dealing with the scope of liability for auditors remains that of Caparo v Dickman[4] where a duty of care was established between the auditor and a minor shareholder. Although the decision itself was not surprising, the obiter in the case maintained that only the company could bring an action against the auditors. This position is not the same in the US where other third parties can bring actions aside from the company (although the changes in the Companies Act 2006 should be noted) (Smith Keenan, 2004)[5]. The case of Royal Bank of Scotland v Bannerman Johnstone Maclay[6] served as a timely manner of the extent of this potential duty of care. In this case, liability was allowed to be extended to third parties that have been adversely affected by a corporate failure. In this case, the issue of whether auditors could possibly have a duty of care to the company bankers was considered. The bankers continued to make investments into the company, having relied on the financial accounts that were incorrectly prepared and audited. The auditors naturally relied on the Caparo case and attempted to argue that they had no liability to third parties. Conversely, the bank argued that the auditors knew the bankers would be relying on the accounts and felt that this meant that a duty would be owed (Vinten, 1999)[7]. By considering all of the facts such as the degree of attention that was placed on the loan facilities being provided by the bank, it was felt by the court that the auditors did, in fact, assume a duty of care towards the bankers. The auditors were completely aware of the banks’ role in assessing working capital. It was noted by the court that if the auditors had issued a suitable disclaimer then the decision would have been different. As a result of this case, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of England and Wales has issued advice that auditors should include a disclaimer, advice which all four of the big four auditors have chosen to accept. Conversely, the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants felt that a disclaimer should not be routinely used, as it may undermine the value of audit reports. Regardless of this, the potential of liability to third parties has undoubtedly caused some nerves for the auditing firms (Pacini, Hilison Sinason, 2000)[8]. Despite the ability of audit firms to establish themselves as limited liability partnerships, audit firms have pressed for a change in the regime from a joint and several liability process to a proportionate liability regime as seen in the US. As previously indicated, the joint and several liability process often results in the auditors being much greater targets where a claim is thought to exist. In the US, there is the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 which specifically replaced the joint and several liability approaches with that of proportionate liability. Under the US regime, liability is allocated based on the degree of wrong doing for which each party is potentially responsible, rather than based on who has the deeper pockets, which seems to be more the case in the UK. This has the effect that where there is no wrongdoing, companies are not inclined to sue the auditors simply because they have the resources to pay any damages (van Boom, Koziol, Witting Bloch, 2004)[9]. As well as limiting the way that wrongdoing is allocated, the PSLRA 1995 has the impact of limiting the cap on liability to reflect the difference between the sale or purchase price and the mean trading price that the company displayed in the ninety day period immediately after the market became aware of the misstatement. This is clearly completely opposite to the structure in the UK whereby liability is joint and several and limitation is based on the loss levels that the claimant can prove in court that they have lost. This critical difference between the UK and US also raises issues when there are international companies involved that can legitimately bring an action in either jurisdiction. In these cases, it is likely that the company would choose to bring an action in the UK against the UK branch of the audit company in order to avoid the limitation on liability that exists in the US (Hood, Rothstein Baldwin, 2004)[10]. Whilst this dichotomy between the US and UK has not entirely been closed, the issue has certainly been considered by policy setters, in the UK. There was some speculation that provisions to provide a cap on limitation would be introduced in the Companies Act 2006. This has not happened, but some concessions have occurred that will potentially be of assistance to auditors in attempting to limit their liability. Under part 16 of the 2006 Act, a company cannot indemnify its auditor. Where previously a company could purchase insurance for their auditor, this is no longer the case; however, the company can agree to indemnify the auditors for any costs incurred in successfully defending a claim. The big amendment under the 2006 Act is that it is now possible for the company to agree a liability limit in the form of a liability limitation agreement (LLA) with the auditors. This agreement can cover breach of duty, negligence and breach of trust, thus making it potentially exceptionally useful for auditors. There are some restrictions as to when an LLA can be entered into. These include approval by the company’s members; it must be limited to the financial year of the audit and it must not be limited at a level that is below that which is seen as fair and reasonable. When considering what a fair and reasonable amount of limitation would be, the court will take into account various factors including other sources of recourse that the company may have against other parties, thus retaining the essence of joint and several liability (Markesinis Deakin, 1999)[11]. Auditors in the UK are rightly concerned about the level of risk that they are potentially exposed to when undertaking their role as auditor. The position is distinct from that in the US and has resulted in UK auditors facing an increasing burden in international transactions. The failure to impose a liability cap naturally means that those attempting to reclaim losses will target the deep pockets of the auditor. The argument against having a proportional liability approach is that in doing so the valuable auditor’s reputation would be jeopardised (Law, 2008)[12]. There have been slight moves towards capping liability in the 2006 Act, but this has not gone nearly as far as the auditing profession would have liked and is still not in line with the position in the US. Despite multiple efforts, it would seem that a statutory limitation of liability is not going to be forthcoming and auditors will have to rely on entering into their own arrangements with individual companies, although the fair and reasonable requirement may result in the effectiveness of this provision being, at best, piecemeal. It seems that for now, at least, auditors’ deep pockets will remain under fire. Bibliography Cunningham, L.A., 2007. Securitizing Audit Failure Risk: An Alternative to Caps on Damages. William and Mary Law Review, 49. Hood, C., Rothstein, H. Baldwin, R., 2004. The Government of Risk: Understanding Risk Regulation Regimes. Oxford University Press. Law, P., 2008. Auditors perceptions of reasonable assurance in audit work and the effectiveness of the audit risk model. Asian Review of Accounting, 16 (2). Markesinis, B.S. Deakin S.F., 1999. Tort Law. Clarendon Press. Pacini, C., Hillison, W. Sinason, D., 2000. Auditor liability to third parties: an international focus. Managerial Auditing Journal, 15 (8). Sealy, L. Worthington, S., 2007. Cases and Materials in Company Law. Oxford University Press. Smith, K. Keenan, D.J., 2004. Smith Keenans English Law. Pearson Education. van Boom, W.H., Koziol, H., Witting, C.A. Bloch, L., 2004. Pure Economic Loss. Springer. Vinten, G., 1999. Audit independence in the UK – the state of the art. Managerial Auditing Journal, 14 (8). Footnotes [1] AICPA Statement on Auditing Standards No. 109, 2006. [2] Cunningham, L.A., 2007. Securitizing Audit Failure Risk: An Alternative to Caps on Damages. William and Mary Law Review, 49. [3] Sealy, L. Worthington, S., 2007. Cases and Materials in Company Law. Oxford University Press. [4] [1990] 1 All ER 568 [5] Smith, K. Keenan, D.J. 2004. Smith Keenans English Law. Pearson Education. [6] unreported, 23 July 2002 [7] Vinten, G., 1999. Audit independence in the UK – the state of the art. Managerial Auditing Journal, 14 (8). [8] Pacini, C., Hillison, W. Sinason, D., 2000. Auditor liability to third parties: an international focus. Managerial Auditing Journal, 15 (8). [9] van Boom, W.H., Koziol, H., Witting, C.A. Bloch, L., 2004. Pure Economic Loss. Springer. [10] Hood, C., Rothstein, H. Baldwin, R., 2004.The Government of Risk: Understanding Risk Regulation Regimes. Oxford University Press. [11] Markesinis, B.S. Deakin, S.F., 1999. Tort Law. Clarendon Press. [12] Law, P., 2008. Auditors perceptions of reasonable assurance in audit work and the effectiveness of the audit risk model. Asian Review of Accounting, 16 (2).

We Must Put an End to Corporal Punishment Essay -- Corporal Punishment

There was an old woman who lived in a shoe She had so many children she didn't know what to do She gave them some broth, Without any bread Whipped them all soundly, and sent them to bed (Mother Goose). Â   All across American households, adults whip, spank, paddle, and swat children as a form of acceptable punishment and as deterrent to unwanted behaviors. These actions are considered corporal punishment, and can be defined numerous ways. The American Public Health Association defines corporal punishment as "the infliction of bodily pain as a penalty for behavior disapproved by the punisher"(American Public Health Association). Similarly, the American Medical Association describes it as "the use of force with the intention of causing a child to experience pain, but not injury, for the purpose of correction or control of the child's behavior"(American Medical Association). No matter how it is defined, spanking is a practice that is so widely accepted in American culture that it is even celebrated in this popular Mother Goose children's rhyme. Although many argue that this type of punishment has been effective ever since the "good old days" where kids learned forcefully how to behave, th ere is a plethora of evidence that shows emphatically that corporal punishment never was, is, or will be an effective means of discipline. In fact, various credible studies and researchers have concluded that corporal punishment causes many undesirable and negative effects on children. Consequently, numerous cases prove that reducing this type of punishment has measurable benefits. Â   Â   Most research concludes that spanking does result in immediate compliance, but according to Jordan Riak, author and founder of the... ...ainst Children: A Challenge for Society. New York: Walter de Gruyter & CO., 1996. Muller, Judy. "No Spanking Zone Proposed." ABCNEWS.com Plutarch. The Education of Children. Vol. 2. Moralia, Ancient Greece. "Policy Resolution on Corporal Punishment." American Public Health Association. November 7, 1979. Riak, Jordan. Plain Talk About Spanking: Parents and Teachers Against Violence in Education. Alamo, CA, 1992. Revised in 1999. "Spanking Makes Children Violent, Antisocial." American Medical Association News Update. August 13, 1997. Straus, Murray A. and Paschall, Mallie J. Corporal Punishment by Mothers and Cognitive Development of Children: A Longitudinal Study. http://www.ung.edu?frl?cp51japa.htm UN: Committee on Rights of Child Concludes Eighteenth Session. Geneva, 18 May to 5 June., M2 Press WIRE, 06-09-1998.

Love at First Sight Essay

Love at first sight is a common trope in Western literature, in which a person, character, or speaker feels romantic attraction for a stranger on the first sight of them. Described by poets and critics from the Greek world on, it has become one of the most powerful tropes in Western fiction. In the classical world, the phenomenon of â€Å"love at first sight† was understood within the context of a more general conception of passionate love, a kind of madness or, as the Greeks put it, theia mania (â€Å"madness from the gods†).[1] This love passion was described through an elaborate metaphoric and mythological psychological schema involving â€Å"love’s arrows† or â€Å"love darts,† the source of which was often given as the mythological Eros or Cupid,[2] sometimes by other mythological deities (such as Rumor[3]). At times, the source of the arrows was said to be the image of the beautiful love object itself. If these arrows arrived at the lover’s eyes, they would then travel to and ‘pierce’ his or her heart, overwhelming them with desire and longing (love sickness). The image of the â€Å"arrow’s wound† was sometimes used to create oxymorons and rhetorical antithesis. â€Å"Love at first sight† was explained as a sudden and immediate beguiling of the lover through the action of these processes, and is illustrated in numerous Greek and Roman works. In Ovid’s Metamorphoses, Narcissus becomes immediately spellbound and charmed by his own (unbeknownst to him) image. In Achilles Tatius’s Leucippe and Clitophon, the lover Clitophon thus describes his own experience of the phenomenon: â€Å"As soon as I had seen her, I was lost. For Beauty’s wound is sharper than any weapon’s, and it runs through the eyes down to the soul. It is through the eye that love’s wound passes, and I now became a prey to a host of emotions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ [4]†Love at first sight† was not, however, the only mode of entering into passionate love in classical texts; at times the passion could occur after the initial meeting or could precede the first glimpse. Another classical interpretation of the phenomenon of â€Å"love at first sight† is found in Plato’s Symposium in Aristophanes’ description of the separation of primitive double-creatures into modern men and women and their subsequent search for their missing half: â€Å"†¦ when [a lover] †¦ is fortunate enough to meet his other half, they are both so intoxicated with affection, with friendship, and with love, that they cannot bear to let each other out of sight for a single instant.†[5]

Lady Macbeth Coursework Essay

When Shakespeare was writing ‘Macbeth’, most people believed that the Sun went around the Earth and that magic and witchcraft existed. This made them very superstitious indeed. Religion was also a dominant factor at the time. All children were baptized, soon after they were born. This then enabled them to be taught the essentials of the Christian religion. Education at the time was only best for the rich. Shakespeare was one of the lucky ones; because of him being brought up in a very wealthy society he got the chance to be well educated. This then got him writing plays such as Twelfth Night, Hamlet and including Macbeth. He is now widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in English literature. In ‘Macbeth’, Lady Macbeth can be seen in many ways which can be related to Macbeth’s villainy. She can be seen as the protector/protected, manipulator, victim, Jacobean wife and also how she is in charge of the relationship with Macbeth. Manipulation is the process of bending another to your will and making them believe or do something that they normally wouldn’t do. Manipulation can be seen when both Lady Macbeth and Macbeth plot to kill their own King (King Duncan). â€Å"And live a coward in thine own esteem†, in this quotation we can see that Lady Macbeth is literally saying to Macbeth that he is only being a coward to himself if he was going to back away from the deed. Lady Macbeth uses such strong words so that Macbeth has a greater chance of not backing down to the regicide. From analysing the quote ‘live a coward in thine’ we can clearly see that the word ‘coward’ is emphasised with the word ‘thine’. The word ‘coward’ means someone who is afraid and someone with no bravery at all. This is important to me because it gives a great impact to the reader that Macbeth is being called a ‘coward’ by his own wife. This to me sounds like Lady Macbeth is acting in a very sly way to get her husband to do what she wants him to do. Another example of manipulation can be seen when Lady Macbeth is talking about the plot to kill the King with Macbeth. â€Å"These deeds must not be thought after these ways†¦so, it will make us mad†. Here we can see that Lady Macbeth is trying to bend the situation a bit so that it goes to her favour. In other words, telling Macbeth to not worry about what has happened. ‘It will make us mad’. In this quote the word ‘mad’ is important because it is being emphasised so that Macbeth is more alert about the murder. Mad is an adjective which is usually associated with people that are not acting in a normal way. To me this suggests that Lady Macbeth is saying that if you don’t forget about the deed, we are going to be in a normal state. We can also see Lady Macbeth in control of the relationship with Macbeth when she helps Macbeth with the murder of King Duncan, making the guards drunk, assuring that Macbeth doesn’t get caught in the process. â€Å"Only look up clear; to alter favour ever is to fear. Leave all the rest to me†. In this text we can literally see that Lady Macbeth is giving Macbeth the opportunity for her to do most of the covering up, this clearly indicates Lady Macbeth taking the role of being the ‘protector’ towards her husband. By the use of the command ‘Leave all the rest to me’ this to me emphasises that she is the dominant character at this specific part of the scene. The word ‘leave’ is a command that you would usually use after a word, in this occasion Lady Macbeth has used this at the start of the sentence which to me sounds more appealing for the reader too. Furthermore, she implicates to ‘the rest’ as referring to the King, the daggers and the stewards. This to me shows that she is telling Macbeth that she can take control of situations like these. The relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth does not always go in Lady Macbeth’s favour. In this case she is more of a ‘victim’. This can be seen at the end of the story when she is guilty of all the murders which that she has contributed to, this then leads her going ‘mad’. â€Å"The thane of Fife he had a wife, where is she now?† by examining this text, we can see that now Lady Macbeth is in a ‘half away/half dreaming’ state to hold herself for all the deeds that Macbeth has committed, this to me explains why she is asking such questions. ‘The thane of Fife he had a wife’, here by Lady Macbeth using the past tense ‘had’ it shows to me that a level of confusion has taken place. This is then emphasised when she adds on the question at the end of the sentence. Therefore, in the reader’s point of view, it shows us that she is behaving in a ‘mad’ sort of manor, which isn’t rea lly seen before. We can say that Lady Macbeth is the catalyst of the murder. Furthermore, she can be known as the protector and the protected. Macbeth is one character who tries best to protect Lady Macbeth. When Banquo was murdered, Macbeth kept Lady Macbeth in complete darkness. â€Å"Be innocent of the deed, dear chuck†, this quote suggests that Macbeth is trying to protect her and is shown as the ‘protected’. By the use of the words ‘be innocent’ it suggests to me that Lady Macbeth is forcing Macbeth to ‘be innocent’, this is because the command is used at the start of the sentence which usually indicates that the person is in control. The whole quote â€Å"Be innocent of the deed, dear chuck† infers that she wants him to forget about the murder, showing that she’s a protector. Lady Macbeth can also be seen as a protector when she responds to Macbeth’s actions. â€Å"Leave all the rest to me†. In this quote we can clearly see Lady Macbeth as the dominant character in their relationship and also as the protector towards her own husband. By looking at the text used and concentrating on the word â€Å"me†, we can see that Lady Macbeth could be using the word as in referring herself to the ‘manipulator’,’ protector’ or even the victim. Also by use of the words â€Å"the rest†, this could give the reader a thought that it can be referred to or mean the king, or his guards, the daggers or can simply mean different abstracts such as shame, guilt, and consequence. This to me shows a perfect demonstration on how Lady Macbeth is being a protector and manipulator towards Macbeth to get her own way. Lady Macbeth is not always seen as the catalyst. In this case it is shown when she takes the role of being a ‘victim’. â€Å"Unsex me here†. In this quote it shows that Lady Macbeth is asking for her feminine side to be taken away. This to me shows that she is making a change from the typical female stereo type (e.g. kind, vulnerable) to a more masculine character (e.g. leader, ‘macho man’). This change could have made her more manipulative towards Macbeth and in a leading role, but in the state she is in now she is seen more as the victim. Lady Macbeth can also be seen as ‘victim’ in the quote â€Å"sweeten this little hand†. Here we can see that what Shakespeare is trying to say that, because of how Lady Macbeth’s contribution to the regicide, she is trying to forgive herself for what she has done wrong. By the use of the words ‘sweeten’ and ‘little’, it clearly shows that she’s vulnerable and delicate. By the use of words like these it also infers Lady Macbeth’s sorrow and the role of her being a victim. Overall we can see that Lady Macbeth is the dominant character that contributes to Macbeth’s villainy in many ways. Killing a king in the was the worst crime you could possibly do in Shakespeare’s time.

Influence of Media on political advertising

Influence of Media on political advertising Introduction Present American campaigns and elections depend highly on political advertising through the media. In the recent past, there have not been campaigns and elections without political ads on television. Political ads are now a main tool and vehicle in elections.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Media on political advertising specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This does not however mean that all political campaigns have to use media. This means that media is a tool with which political advertising is very effective and reaches many people (Schultz, 2004). The main role of media is to give information and entertainment. However, media has an effect on different institutions including cultural, political, and even social institutions. Moreover, the media companies receive a big percent of their income from advertising (Biagi, 2011). Riaz, 2010 adds that one of the significant branches of Journalism a nd Mass Communication is political communication. Political communication entails the use of media by political parties and even governments to get support from the public especially during election times or any time they require public support. It is easy for government to provide the required information to the public using the internet and new media. Citizens receive the information the government want to convey while they also air their grievances and concerns to the government. Consequently, the media will always be part of any society since it will challenge and even aggravate. Although media can invite, manipulate, and irritate, it cannot work dependently. Media is sparklingly attractive; its style is captivating and its power frightening. Therefore, only a few people can pride of being able to resist its distractions and charm (Behnke, 2010). In the modern world, the society is moving on the tips of the fingers since it is the era of web. There has been a drastic change in t he society today since introduction of the new media technologies. Moreover, the new technologies have not spared the old print and electronic media. The development of new technologies is present in both developed and developing countries.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, the evolution of technology has effects on the political communication. There is a rampant use of internet and mobile phones in the election campaigns. This means that media effects political behavior both in developing and developed countries (Riaz, 2010). Media and political communication Politics main purpose is to change people’s minds and change it completely. In the political system, the only channel to reaching citizens is through the media especially internet and television. Media is an articulated system, which, the original information comes from print media before television circulates to the majority of the audience and the radio modifies the communication. Therefore, without media there is no politics. The political systems mainly use the media to popularize themselves and get support from the citizens (Castells, 2007). Political communication ensures that the media those covers easily those in power and put their messages across. On the other hand, the media is more interested in the elites. Presently, if a candidate does not receive coverage by most media houses then his political policies will be less popular. This means that the candidates featured easily in the media remain the most popular politicians (Wolfsfeld, 2011). According to Hermanns 2008, the use of mobile phones is slowly gaining popularity since it occurs as a wider context of democracy by building of networks. Media and democracy Democracy is a common phrase in the modern world. However, democracy is only possible in a society that has freedom of discussion and information . Therefore, free media is a crucial part of the democratic society. In this context, media provides a platform for open discussions while organizing political debates. New media technologies thrive in such atmosphere where there is democracy and participation (Riaz, 2010). However, new does not have a major impact on the national politics compared with traditional media. The use of internet as a form of democracy is contradictory in many nations. The first way to feel the effect of media is through cultural diversity before coming to election. In this case, democracy in most societies refers to a culture of citizenship or specific structure of governance (Thorburn, 2004).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Media on political advertising specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Influence of media on campaigns and elections Politicians and their political campaigners have extensively used media to campaign for elec tions. In addition to this, they have used media to sell their agenda to the wider public. In some instances, politicians use the media platform to measure up with each other during campaigns. In this case, the politicians engage in fierce debates especially in national televisions. Here, they get a chance of selling their ideas and convincing the voters that they are the preferred candidates as opposed to their rivals. In addition, the interviewers put them to task in explaining their positions and opinions in certain critical issues affecting the wider public. In essence, such questions help the voters to gauge the candidates and make wise decisions (Schultz, 2004). Swanson Mancini, 1996 adds that politicians consider the periods of election campaigns as the most important periods of their career. In addition, the voters value this period because it helps in selection of good leaders and gauge the politicians against important national issues. The media, especially social media a nd televisions provide a good platform where the public and politicians realize these issues. It is only through the media that politicians can engage in healthy national debates and give the voters a chance to ask them questions. The media is also a very powerful tool in shaping and determining the progress of political contest. Each politician wants to reach as many voters as he can for assurance of winning. Since such politicians may not have the resources and time to tour all the parts of his country or region, they use media to reach many people. Most politicians make every effort to ensure that their campaign messages pass through most of the media houses. This is because not all people watch particular media house, but each has a preference. As a result, a single politician may reach thousands or millions of voters through advertising on media. In some instances, most of the politicians vying for various posts are not popular among the voters. However, when such politicians a dvertise through media, it may be surprising how they may get an overwhelming support from the public (Wolfsfeld, 2011).Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Use of social media for political advertising completely changes political cultures of some regions and countries. Various researches indicate that over fifty percent of voters in many countries use the internet to gauge political candidates. It is also in the social media where many voters influence each other on the direction to vote. In this sense, voters may mobilize other voters to vote for a certain candidate. Other researches indicate that the media, especially social media influence the voting decisions of about forty percent of voters in developed countries. Some politicians also create pages in social media where they post their agendas and political policies. Politicians use the social media because they know that the biggest percentage of voters is between twenty years and forty-five years (Thorburn, 2004). Behnke, 2010 indicates that social media is a very powerful tool for political advertising. He adds that social media is emerging and developing at a very faster rate and that many people has easy access to it. This is because with current technologies of smart phones, tabs and pads, most people can access social media whenever they are and in whatever they are doing. There are very many social media sites today, and they have a great influence since they reach a great number of people. Many people use social media sites for socializing, posting advertisements, posting news, and making new friends. New Media and political advertising New media is very beneficial to the citizens. They help the citizens to choose the information they want and communicate with each other or their representatives directly without any influence of the editors. In addition, the new media provides fast access to information compared to the traditional media. The citizens also enjoy improved means of searching and storing information. Moreover, the new media helps the citizens enjoy the right of privacy because they can now access information directly without any influe nce of third party. New media is more democratic in that they allow citizen’s direct participation hence reducing the cost of money and time (Tambini, 1999). Schultz, 2004 asserts that political campaigns through the media can promote or break a political candidate. In some instances, there are some advertisements that portray negative qualities of a candidate. Other advertisements seek to attack certain politicians directly. The media is a platform where candidates sell their agenda as well as attack their opponents to taint them among the voters. On the other hand, political advertising through media can make a candidate popular even if he may have been less popular. Blogging is another powerful way in which media affects political advertising. The extent of many blogs portrays political messages. Most politicians use bloggers to generate messages that politically attack their opponents. Moreover, such blogs create good messages that directly or indirectly praise certain ca ndidates. It is evident that most political bloggers affect and influence how people make decisions during voting. In some instances, some bloggers create a negative picture of some politicians. Most voters incline to what the internet and media says about politicians. This is because there is no other way that voters can know their leaders and political candidates other than through the media (Hermanns, 2008). It is evident that media is a very powerful tool, with which various cultures and sub-cultures use to sell their ideas. In addition, many groups use the media to promote their culture and beliefs. Moreover, culture shapes political environments of any country, hence affecting political decisions. Various cultures also use media to promote and sell their agendas as they support and represent certain candidates from that culture or ethnic group. There are media houses that are exclusively for certain ethnic groups especially in less developed nations. The politicians who come f rom these ethnic groups use such media houses to compel people from their culture in supporting them. This causes fierce political battles between various media houses that support certain candidates of their own ethnic groups (Kahn Kellner). Castells, 2007 argues that even though media does not hold the power of any political culture, they influence the decisions made in bringing politicians to power. In many societies today, politics depend on political advertisement through media. This is because there is advancement in technology and more and more people are using the media in one way or another. The media is very powerful because it portrays both physical and intellectual pictures of political candidates. In this sense, media might popularize a candidate even though such a candidate was not popular among the voters. In addition, through political advertising, the voters may learn some behaviors as well as political agendas of candidates. This may lead to the voters trusting a certain candidate or developing distrust in another candidate. Even though media is a very powerful tool in political advertising, there are some limitations of media in delivering effective and wholesome political campaign. In this sense, political campaigns should target all ages of people as well as both literate and illiterate people. In addition, political advertising should reach both the poor and the rich. Some people are illiterate or too old to rely on the internet or social media for selecting their suitable candidates. Moreover, some people have limited resources to access social, print, and electronic media. This limits the wholesome effectiveness of media as a tool for political advertising (Riaz, 2010). Conclusion Media is a very powerful tool in political advertising. As technology advances in terms of social media and internet, most politicians are increasingly using media in political advertising. Media is useful in shaping democracies and political communications. In addition, most politicians are increasingly using media for political contest and campaigns. The social media and the internet are the most powerful forms of media for political advertising. In addition to these, electronic media in form of televisions and print media are increasingly popular for political advertising. Media has also some limitations in political advertising. It is not wholesome effective in relation to illiterate people, people who cannot access the media easily and old people. Reference List Behnke, P. (2010). Social Media and Politics: Online Social networking and Political Communication in Asia. Singapore: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. Biagi, S. (2011). Media Impact: An Introduction to Mass Media. Hampshire: Cengage Learning. Castells, M. (2007). Communication, Power and Counter-power in the Network Society. International Journal of Communication, 1(1), 238-266. Hermanns, H. (2008). Mobile Democracy: Mobile Phones as Democratic Tools. Politics, 28(2), 74–8 2. Kahn, R., Kellner, D. (2004). New media and internet activism: from the battle of Seattle to blogging. New media and society, 6(1), 87-95. Riaz, S. (2010). Effects of New Media Technologies on Political Communication. Journal of Political Studies, 1(2), 161-173. Schultz, D. (2004). Lights, Camera, Campaign: Media, Politics, and Political Advertising. New York: Peter Lang. Swanson, D. L. Mancini, P. (1996). Politics, Media, and Modern Democracy: An International Study of Innovations in Electoral Campaigning and Their Consequences. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group. Tambini, D. (1999). New media and democracy: The civic networking movement. New media society, 1(3), 305–329. Thorburn, D. (2004). Democracy and New Media: Media in transition. Cambridge: MIT Press. Wolfsfeld, G. (2011). Making Sense of Media and Politics: Five Principles in Political Communication, New York: Taylor Francis.